Crush Injuries happens when a body part gets caught between two objects in motion. This can happen by car accidents, any heavy objects falling, or hand or leg comes under heavy machinery. This kind of injury can cause severe damage to the bones, nerves, and tissues. Often the sudden shock may also lead to excessive trauma. These traumatic crush injuries result in broken bones, bleeding, severe bruises, laceration, and compartment syndrome.
Fracture means broken bone; bone can be fractured completely or partially in many ways – lengthwise, crosswise, or multiple pieces. As you age bones become more brittle and the chances of fractures from falls may increase. There are many types of fractures – Displaced , Non- Displaced , Open and Closed.
Traumatic event is caused due to an incident, such as physical, emotional or psychological. Open fractures may occur due to direct impacts like high energy physical forces (trauma), accidents, fall from height etc. Traumatic condition that causes post- trauma symptoms varies from person to person. Depending on the type of trauma, it can cause a different type of fracture.
Polytrauma occurs when multiple body parts and organ systems are injured. Traumatic brain injury often occurs in polytrauma in combination with other disabling conditions such as spinal cord injury, amputation, burns, and visual damage, post- traumatic stress disorder. People suffering from polytrauma need a high level of integration and coordination of clinical care.
Bleeding fracture - a broken bone is called a fracture which needs immediate medical attention. A fracture can happen due to sports, accident or trauma. It is not life-threatening. The symptoms of the broken bone are heavy bleeding near the injured area, bone protruding through the skin, swelling, bluish color, numbness in the injured area, severe pain.
Vascular injury is life -threatening. Vascular trauma refers to an injury to a blood vessel. This can happen to anyone, mostly it happens due to accident or injury, and this trauma can be mild, moderate to severe. Arteries and veins make up the vascular system, where arteries carry blood away from the heart and veins carry blood back to the heart. These injuries make a tear or puncture that cause’s blood loss. Vascular trauma can be caused due to injury, violence, pinching of a vein or artery, dislocation of a bone, while inserting an IV. There are 5 types of vascular injuries – 1.Intimal injuries, 2. Complete wall defects with pseudoaneurysms or hemorrhage, 3. Complete transections with hemorrhage or occlusion 4. arteriovenous fistulas and 5. Spasm
Amputation is the surgery to remove all or part of a limb. It is performed to treat an injury, disease, tumor, insufficient blood supply, thickening of nerve tissue called neuroma, frostbit, and infection. This surgery is most commonly performed either upper or lower part of the knee.
Limb reconstruction is a technique to alter the shape or length of a bone. The procedure is known as osteotomy. This procedure is done to repair a damaged joint which exists from birth or due to any trauma. This surgery is done by using an external fixator which is attached to the bone by screws and wires. With the help of this frame, the conditions that can be treated are Club foot, leg length differences, deformity of limbs, and contracture of knee.
Limb salvage surgery is an advanced technology performed to remove a tumor in the limb without removing the whole limb and preserving nearby tendons, nerves and blood vessels. In this process, the bone and the tissue which is around the tumor are also removed. A metal implant may be used to replace the limb which is removed or sometimes the surgeon may use another bone from another part of the body or from another person. This is also known as limb-sparing surgery.
Open fracture with tibia along with skin loss is a complicated problem in traumatic surgery. These incidents are rising due to the automobile and motorcycle population. The exposed bone has to be treated and closed immediately to avoid any infections
External fixation is a surgical procedure wherein rods are screwed into the bone to provide stability during the healing process and is removed after 6 to 8 weeks.
Masquelet technique was described for the treatment of large segmental bone defects caused by traumatic or from tumoral resections and pseudo arthroses or infections and consists of a two-step procedure.
Open fracture with bone loss may occur from extrusion of fragments at the time of injury or during debridement of an open fracture when weak segments of bone is removed.
Tendon injuries can happen suddenly. It occurs mostly near joints. It happens due to the wear and tears to the tendon from overuse or aging.
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